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Psychrofilné mikroorganizmy v chladných akvatických a terestrických environmentoch


Psychrofilné mikroorganizmy v chladných akvatických a terestrických environmentoch

Psychrophilic microorganisms in cold aquatic and terrestrial environments


• tento článok sa nachádza v kategórii: PODZEMNÁ VODA / rok 2021 [ ročník 27, číslo 2 ]
Milan Seman, Ksenia Kuksa, Nikola Richterová, Renáta Fľaková

ABSTRACT: Psychrophilic microorganisms are organisms living in stable cold conditions and are able to grow at temperatures below 20°C. Their optimal growth temperature is around 15°C, but they can survive even at sub-zero temperatures. Psychrophilic microorganisms have successfully colonized all the permanently cold environments of our planet, from the deep sea to mountainous and polar regions. Psychrophiles are microbial extremophilic organisms that belong to the dominant life forms of cold environments. They have developed mechanisms that allow them to cope with various stressors. These include freezing temperatures and repeated freezing and thawing cycles, drying, increased or decreased salinity or pH values, and long periods of darkness in winter. Most psychrophiles belong to the taxonomic domain (the highest taxonomic category) of Bacteria, are autotrophic or heterotrophic, phototrophic or non-phototrophic, aerobic or anaerobic. Microbial populations of psychrophiles vary depending on the wide range of physical and chemical characteristics of the habitat they inhabit. One of the common habitats where we find psychrophiles are subterranean habitats, offering unique habitats for microorganisms. Their dominant feature are cave spaces. With the increased interest in speleology and the development of technologies that allow access to previously inaccessible underground spaces, many new caves have recently been discovered and studied. This progress also enabled the study of not only macroorganisms, but also microorganisms living there.


bibliografický
odkaz na článok:
Seman, M., Kuksa, K., Richterová, N. & R. Fľaková 2021: Psychrofilné mikroorganizmy v chladných akvatických a terestrických environmentoch.- Podzemná voda ISSN 1335-1052, 27, 2/2021, 157-176.

jazyk článku: slovenčina

kľúčové slová: Psychrofilné mikroorganizmy, chladné environmenty, subteránne biotopy

key words: Psychrophilic microorganism, cold environments, subterranean biotopes

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